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Investigating the effects of nicotine on heart rate variability receiving acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
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Saeideh Maleki Dehnavi   , Roham Mazloom , Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari , Saeed Akbarzadeh Kolahi , Helia Esmaeeli Dehaj , Mohadese Zahedi Nejad , Gholamreza Bayat , Bahareh Tavakolifar |
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Abstract: (272 Views) |
Introduction: Ethanol is a toxic and widely used substance worldwide, which, in high doses, causes severe damage to the body, especially the liver, and causes inflammation. In the meantime, the heart rate variability decreases. On the other hand, nicotine, the most widely used substance in the world, affects the inflammatory process. This study aimed to determine the role of nicotine on linear and nonlinear indices of dynamic changes in heart rate in rats receiving high doses of ethanol.
Methods and Materials: In this experiment, 6 groups of 6 male Wistar rats were used, which included control, ethanol, and nicotine receptors in doses of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/kg with ethanol. Nicotine groups received 99% ethanol (6mg/kg) by gavage after 30 minutes, and finally, 6 hours later, the animals were anesthetized, an electrocardiogram was recorded to assess HRV indices, and after taking blood from the heart, pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured.
Results: In this study, nicotine decreased MHR and SD1 indices. In the SampEn index, high-dose nicotine increased entropy compared to the ethanol group alone. Finally, there was a significant increase in the nonlinear DFA index between the ethanol groups compared to the control group. However, nicotine could not return to the control group values. In the case of IL-6, nicotine at lower doses was able to cause a significant reduction compared to the ethanol group. However, there were no significant differences in SDNN RMSSD, SD2, SD1SD2, and TNFα indices.
Conclusion: According to the results, acute nicotine in low doses can improve the inflammatory process and HRV indices, especially entropy and short-term variability in acute ethanol poisoning, by affecting pro-inflammatory factors.
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| Keywords: Nicotine, High dose of ethanol, Heart rate variability, Cytokine |
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Full-Text [PDF 331 kb]
(38 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2023/12/14 | Accepted: 2023/08/23 | Published: 2023/08/23
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