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Investigating the effects of nicotine on heart rate variability in rat model of acetaminophen-induced liver injury
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Mohadese Zahedi Nejad   , Roham Mazloom , Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari , Azadeh Khalili , Saeideh Maleki Dehnavi , Helia Esmaeeli Dehaj , Mahdi Goudarzvand , Marjan Hosseini |
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Abstract: (223 Views) |
Introduction: Acetaminophen in high doses has inflammatory effects on the liver. Moreover, various studies have identified the anti-inflammatory effects of parasympathetic pathways mediated by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of nicotine, as a high-consumption substance, on heart rate variability (HRV) in rats with acute liver inflammation induced by acetaminophen were investigated.
Methods and Materials: In the present experiment, 6 groups of 6 male Wistar rats were used, including carrier groups, acetaminophen, nicotine 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 mg per kg body weight. First, the animals were anesthetized and the initial electrocardiogram was recorded. Then, nicotine was administered intraperitoneally (normal saline, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/kg) for each group, respectively. After 20 minutes second electrocardiogram was recorded. 30 minutes after nicotine administration, acetaminophen (500 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered and finally, third and fourth recordings were taken after 1 and 24 hours. Linear and nonlinear indices of HRV were extracted from the recorded electrocardiograms. After the last recording, the animals were sacrificed and the blood sample was taken from the heart for measuring the inflammatory factors by ELISA method.
Results: In present study, nicotine could improve MRR, RMSSD and DFA indices in a rat model of acetaminophen-induced liver injury, which this process induced by different doses (Minimum P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2 and SampEn indices. Furthermore, nicotine did not improve levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα and IL-6.
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that acute nicotine in different doses can have dual effects on the improvement or worsening of proinflammatory factors or various HRV indices caused by acetaminophen-induced acute hepatotoxicity within 24 hours. |
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| Keywords: Nicotine, Heart rate variability, High dose of acetaminophen |
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Full-Text [PDF 337 kb]
(33 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2024/02/8 | Accepted: 2023/08/23 | Published: 2023/08/23
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