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2. [2] Kass-Bartelmes BL. Reducing and preventing adverse drug events to decrease hospital costs. Res Action 2001; 1: 01-0020.

3. [3] Samwald M, Jentzsch A, Bouton C, Kallesøe CS, Willighagen E, Hajagos J, et al. Linked open drug data for pharmaceutical research and development. J Cheminform 2011; 3: 19. [DOI:10.1186/1758-2946-3-19] [PMID] [PMCID]

4. [4] Kushwaha N, Goyal R, Goel P, Singla S, Vyas OP. LOD cloud mining for prognosis model (case study: native app for drug recommender system). Adv Int Things 2014; 4: 20. [DOI:10.4236/ait.2014.43004]

5. [5] Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo A, Shrivastava S, Hassanali M, Stothard P, Woolsey J. DrugBank: A comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and explorat. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34: D668-72. [DOI:10.1093/nar/gkj067] [PMID] [PMCID]

6. [6] Callahan A, Cruz-Toledo J, Ansell P, Dumontier M, editors. Bio2RDF release 2: improved coverage, interoperability and provenance of life science linked data. Extend Semantic Web Confer 2013. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-38288-8_14]

7. [7] Maedche A, Staab S. Ontology learning. Handbook on ontologies 2004; p: 173-190. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-540-24750-0_9]

8. [8] Chen RC, Huang YH, Bau CT, Chen SM. A recommendation system based on domain ontology and SWRL for anti-diabetic drugs selection. Exp Syst with Appl 2012; 39: 3995-4006. [DOI:10.1016/j.eswa.2011.09.061]

9. [9] Lu J, Wu D, Mao M, Wang W, Zhang G. Recommender system application developments: a survey. Decision Support Syst 2015; 74: 12-32. [DOI:10.1016/j.dss.2015.03.008]

10. [10] Ricci F, Rokach L, Shapira B, Kantor PB. Recommender systems handbook. Springer 2015. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4899-7637-6]

11. [11] Gomez-Perez A, Fernández-López M, Corcho O. Ontological engineering: with examples from the areas of knowledge management, e-Commerce and the semantic Web: Springer Sci Business Media 2006.

12. [12] Wiesner M, Pfeifer D. Health recommender systems: concepts, requirements, technical basics and challenges. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11: 2580-2607. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph110302580] [PMID] [PMCID]

13. [13] Pathak J, Kiefer RC, Chute CG. Using linked data for mining drug-drug interactions in electronic health records. Stud Health Technol Inform 2013; 192: 682-686. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-39437-9_11] [PMID] [PMCID]

14. [14] Sung TY, Hung FH, Chiu HW, editors. Implementation of an integrated drug information system for inpatients to reduce medication errors in administrating stage. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 EMBS 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE; 2008; IEEE. [DOI:10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649259] [PMID]

15. [15] umbaugh, James, Ivar Jacobson, and Grady Booch. Unified modeling language reference manual, the. Pearson Higher Education, 2004.

16. [16] Seidl M, Scholz M, Huemer C, Kappel G. UML@ classroom: An introduction to object-oriented modeling: Springer; 2015. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-12742-2]

17. [17] Hariri N, Babalhavaeji F, Farzandipour M, Nadi Ravandi S. Evaluation criteria of information retrieval systems: What we know and what we do not know. Iran J Inform Proces Manag 2014; 30: 199-221. (Persian).

18. [1] Bates DW, Boyle DL, Vander Vliet MB, Schneider J, Leape L. Relationship between medication errors and adverse drug events. J Gen Intern Med 1995; 10: 199-205. [DOI:10.1007/BF02600255] [PMID]

19. [2] Kass-Bartelmes BL. Reducing and preventing adverse drug events to decrease hospital costs. Res Action 2001; 1: 01-0020.

20. [3] Samwald M, Jentzsch A, Bouton C, Kallesøe CS, Willighagen E, Hajagos J, et al. Linked open drug data for pharmaceutical research and development. J Cheminform 2011; 3: 19. [DOI:10.1186/1758-2946-3-19] [PMID] [PMCID]

21. [4] Kushwaha N, Goyal R, Goel P, Singla S, Vyas OP. LOD cloud mining for prognosis model (case study: native app for drug recommender system). Adv Int Things 2014; 4: 20. [DOI:10.4236/ait.2014.43004]

22. [5] Wishart DS, Knox C, Guo A, Shrivastava S, Hassanali M, Stothard P, Woolsey J. DrugBank: A comprehensive resource for in silico drug discovery and explorat. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34: D668-72. [DOI:10.1093/nar/gkj067] [PMID] [PMCID]

23. [6] Callahan A, Cruz-Toledo J, Ansell P, Dumontier M, editors. Bio2RDF release 2: improved coverage, interoperability and provenance of life science linked data. Extend Semantic Web Confer 2013. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-38288-8_14]

24. [7] Maedche A, Staab S. Ontology learning. Handbook on ontologies 2004; p: 173-190. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-540-24750-0_9]

25. [8] Chen RC, Huang YH, Bau CT, Chen SM. A recommendation system based on domain ontology and SWRL for anti-diabetic drugs selection. Exp Syst with Appl 2012; 39: 3995-4006. [DOI:10.1016/j.eswa.2011.09.061]

26. [9] Lu J, Wu D, Mao M, Wang W, Zhang G. Recommender system application developments: a survey. Decision Support Syst 2015; 74: 12-32. [DOI:10.1016/j.dss.2015.03.008]

27. [10] Ricci F, Rokach L, Shapira B, Kantor PB. Recommender systems handbook. Springer 2015. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4899-7637-6]

28. [11] Gomez-Perez A, Fernández-López M, Corcho O. Ontological engineering: with examples from the areas of knowledge management, e-Commerce and the semantic Web: Springer Sci Business Media 2006.

29. [12] Wiesner M, Pfeifer D. Health recommender systems: concepts, requirements, technical basics and challenges. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11: 2580-2607. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph110302580] [PMID] [PMCID]

30. [13] Pathak J, Kiefer RC, Chute CG. Using linked data for mining drug-drug interactions in electronic health records. Stud Health Technol Inform 2013; 192: 682-686. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-642-39437-9_11] [PMID] [PMCID]

31. [14] Sung TY, Hung FH, Chiu HW, editors. Implementation of an integrated drug information system for inpatients to reduce medication errors in administrating stage. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008 EMBS 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE; 2008; IEEE. [DOI:10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4649259] [PMID]

32. [15] umbaugh, James, Ivar Jacobson, and Grady Booch. Unified modeling language reference manual, the. Pearson Higher Education, 2004.

33. [16] Seidl M, Scholz M, Huemer C, Kappel G. UML@ classroom: An introduction to object-oriented modeling: Springer; 2015. [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-12742-2]

34. [17] Hariri N, Babalhavaeji F, Farzandipour M, Nadi Ravandi S. Evaluation criteria of information retrieval systems: What we know and what we do not know. Iran J Inform Proces Manag 2014; 30: 199-221. (Persian).