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Metabolic effects of stress: Insulin in chronic stress
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Homeira Zardooz   |
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Abstract: (204 Views) |
Introduction: Stress is an adaptive response to excessive load on the body that can lead to the occurrence or development of metabolic disorders. In the modern societies, exposure to psychological and metabolic stress and disturbances in glucose homeostasis are highly prevalent. Understanding the metabolic effects of chronic stress is crucial to achieve effective prevention and treatment strategies for stress-related metabolic disorders.
Methods and Materials: The effects of psychological and metabolic stress during fetal-neonatal and adulthood periods on insulin secretion from pancreatic islets and the level of glucose tolerance along with pancreatic oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, have been investigated in this laboratory, and the results of these studies are presented.
Results: Male rats who exposed to psychological variable stress during fetal-neonatal and adulthood periods showed an increase in insulin secretion from pancreatic islets. However, the maternal separation stress during neonatal period did not change insulin secretion. Additionally, exposure to metabolic stress, including high-fat diet and high-fat-fructose diet during fetal-neonatal, neonatal, and adulthood periods, caused a decrease in insulin secretion from pancreatic isolated islets. Changes in insulin secretion were associated with impaired glucose tolerance and alterations in pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and redox system.
Conclusion: Chronic exposure to psychological and metabolic stress in different periods of life affect pancreatic islets’ insulin secretion ability and this exposure, in both conditions of the increase or decrease of insulin secretory capacity, caused glucose homeostasis disruption. By determining how oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress contribute to stress-related metabolic disorders, it is possible to provide solutions to manage these disorders. |
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| Keywords: Stress, Insulin, Glucose metabolism |
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Full-Text [PDF 306 kb]
(30 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2024/02/27 | Accepted: 2023/08/10 | Published: 2023/08/10
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