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Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder
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Hamed Ghazvini   , Mehran Zarghami , Raheleh Rafaiee , Elmira Beirami , Masoumeh Seyedhosseini Tamijani |
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Abstract: (227 Views) |
Introduction: Methamphetamine (MA) use and the mortality it causes are increasing worldwide. The neurobiological mechanisms underlying the destructive effects of MA use are complex; however, there is much evidence that MA induces the dysfunction of monoaminergic transmission and causes oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, gliosis, and apoptosis. These toxic effects are associated with cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity and with an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system, which altogether manifest themselves in clinical symptoms, such as neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases. There is no approved treatment for methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) despite all efforts made to date. The behavioral and pharmacological approaches currently used for the treatment of MUD are not completely effective. We hypothesized that the stimulation of the vagus nerve and biological pathways underlying the processes of this stimulation might be effective as adjunctive therapy. Despite the potential effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) to improve MUD, no study has yet examined the clinical potential effects of VNS in patients with the disorder. Therefore, further studies, including experimental and clinical trials, are needed to examine the effects of VNS on MUD.
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| Keywords: Cardiotoxicity, Methamphetamine use disorder, Neuroinflammation, Neurotoxicity, Vagus nerve stimulation |
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Full-Text [PDF 270 kb]
(32 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2024/01/22 | Accepted: 2023/08/1 | Published: 2023/08/1
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