Introduction: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive component of marijuana, can significantly affect the function of the hippocampus, a key region involved in memory processing, leading to behavioral disturbances such as memory and learning impairment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal THC injection on long-term memory in desert rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four eight-week-old male mice were randomly divided into two groups: a control group and a THC-receiving group. The THC group received the drug intraperitoneally for eight days, and their long-term memory was assessed using the shuttle box test. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, and the mean values of the two groups were compared using the t-test. Significant changes were considered at P<0.05. Results: The results of the shuttle box test showed a significant decrease in escape latency in the THC group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Additionally, a significant difference was observed in the time spent in the dark area between the THC-treated mice and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that intraperitoneal THC injection can impair long-term memory in rats.